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This was probably caused by an internal cell defect from the factory or from mishandling at some stage of the battery's brief life. It's hard to get a damaged cell to go into thermal runaway when it's charged to below 50% SoC for shipping and storage, but put it on a charger and get current flowing and that defect turns into a short circuit that moves quite a bit of current with high resistance. A lot of heat is generated and the temperature in the cell rises, eventually the separator melts increasing the area of shorting and generating more heat, the cell is now in thermal runaway, the electrolyte vaporizes and pressurizes the cell, the cell bursts and the gases vent, mix with oxygen and burn, the plastic parts of the pack burn and you end up with that charred mess in the pictures above with a bunch of soot everywhere and various flammable, toxic and corrosive gases vented into the room.
Luckily the damage was limited in your experience here, but now would be a good time to get a Bat-Safe to charge in. Keep the bags for storage as I'd wager you're more likely to be struck by lightning than have a battery fail energetically at 3.8V/cell, but during and after charging they really are a significant hazard as you've discovered. I wouldn't assume this incident has anything to do with a specific battery vendor being bad as all the major brands are made using similar processes and often in the same factories. The risk is just part of the game when using this type of battery.
Luckily the damage was limited in your experience here, but now would be a good time to get a Bat-Safe to charge in. Keep the bags for storage as I'd wager you're more likely to be struck by lightning than have a battery fail energetically at 3.8V/cell, but during and after charging they really are a significant hazard as you've discovered. I wouldn't assume this incident has anything to do with a specific battery vendor being bad as all the major brands are made using similar processes and often in the same factories. The risk is just part of the game when using this type of battery.